Modern interpretation of concepts: Alexander Chayanov vs Pyotr Stolypin

Abstract

Based on a retrospective analysis, the work reveals fundamental differences in the main provisions of the agrarian reforms of A.V. Chayanov and P.A. Stolypin according to the criteria: the main economic entity of the rural economy, the purpose of its management, forms of labor organization, forms of ownership/use of land, assessment of the profitability of farming and a number of others. It raises the issue of alternative practices of social relations in agriculture historically developed in Russia, in particular the issues of socialization, nationalization, privatization of agricultural land; creation of personal, individual, collective/cooperative, state, private farms and organizations. It is stated that agrarian reforms in post-Soviet Russia bear, adjusted for the social and technological base, the features of the Stolypin reforms, and the basic ideas of A.V. Chayanov were not given due development. Taking into account the current geopolitical situation, the tasks of strengthening the country’s national sovereignty, overcoming the demographic crisis, and the trend towards greening agricultural production, the author convincingly proves the relevance of flexible approaches by A.V. Chayanov, who defended the ideas of social efficiency of production.