About projects, project activities and their role in the economy of enterprises

 The article concerns with the role of projects and project activities in the economy of the country and its enterprises. The article considers the evolutionary changes that have occurred in recent years in understanding the content of the words “project” and “project activity” in the scientific literature, in regulatory documents and at the household level. on that basis, those concepts’ content is clarified. The authors show that currently in Russia and in the world there is a tendency to increase a number of projects performed and to increase their role in the society’s life. Against that trend’s background, the new society’s economic development model is being formed – the “project economy”, implemented in practice not through the usual market mechanisms, but through a multiple system of projects. It means that a significant part of the future economy, including the enterprises’ economy, may consist of a huge number of projects permeating it at the macro-, meso- and micro-levels that are hierarchically interconnected in space, time and among themselves. The article formulates eight basic conditions that are relevant for most projects and that include specific actions which, if completed by the time the projects are launched, can create the necessary prerequisites for the successful goals’ achievement approved in each project. It also highlights an importance of taking into account in all decisions on the projects’ development and implementation, the features of the technological processes and equipment adopted in them for use. The latter are considered by the authors as the foundation on which all other possible options for actions can then be purposefully built, ensuring both the project’s preparation for launch and its successful and effective implementation. The authors believe that the project economy is an integral part of our common economy, which is why it will not displace the market economy from the life of society, but will co-exist more or less amicably with it. Just as the market economy co-exists today with planned economy’s elements in the any enterprise’s activities. 

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