The article presents trends and innovations in the global and Russian markets regarding consumer behavior, analyzes the prospects for the development of online commerce, and suggests various approaches to increasing the share of online store customers and consumer retention in the era of digitalization and e-commerce. In particular, the authors analyzed the specifcs of interaction with the audience on the example of a large online platform “Shopping live”. The practical skills of using innovative developments by marketers in terms of the development of mobile consumption of services and goods are demonstrated. The article takes into account the requirements that customers face in connection with the pandemic and forced self-isolation, in particular, the ability to use various technical innovations. It also demonstrates, as modern factors, the experience of practicing marketers, which influenced their work in the electronic format of selling goods and services, and in particular the use of new approaches in communication and customer orientation. The authors formulate approaches to the development of electronic promotion of goods and products of various industries from the point of view of consumer preferences, based on the specifcs of the marketing strategy of large marketplaces, such as Wildberries, Aliexpress.

The article discusses the issues and possibilities of using the cluster initiatives from the standpoint of socio-economic partnership in the project management for the implementation of socially signifcant tasks. It studies the terminological apparatus of the cluster theory, since the question of the defnition of clusters remains open to date, and numerous studies have not always contributed to the creation of conceptual approaches for the cluster theory development. Common to most economic explanations is that clusters provide positive externalities for business. The authors analyze trends in the development of clusters in Russia, in accordance with which agglomerations of industrial, scientifc and educational structures that implement the cluster initiative are supported. In particular, it was noted that an ability of clusters to be integrated into the context of the digital economy or Industry 4.0 should be named a trend in their modern development.

The article formulates recommendations for assessing the impact of clusters on the social sustainability of the region in two directions: the target orientation, i.e. assistance to the social and economic development of the region, including its infrastructural modernization; the feld of activity, i.e. the environmental and food security, life support of the population, health protection and reduction of mortality among the population, raising the educational level of the population, meeting the social and spiritual needs of a person.

Now, with all the acuteness, the question has arisen about what types of money can replace cash and non-cash money that are issued by central and commercial banks. The central place in the new system may be occupied by the CBDC, or “Central Bank Digital Currency”. The People’s Bank of China, which uses the formation of an almost entirely “cashless” economy as the basis for the transition to digital currency, was the frst major central bank to test-run the issue of the CBDC. That forced central banks of leading developed countries, primarily the United States, to speed up the implementation of their own digital currencies, but as of the end of 2020, they have not yet come to a fnal opinion on how, within the framework of the chosen architecture of the CBDC, to achieve an accurate balance of sometimes conflicting goals.

A review of innovative solutions in the construction shows that additive technologies have made a major leap forward in development in a relatively short period of time, with the help of 3D-printing it is possible to create not only individual fnished products in completely different industries, but also to create entire buildings. Thus, today one of the main directions of the production development in construction is the reduction of a building erection time and cutting the resource costs.

The article presents a retrospective analysis of relations between the government of Italy and the European Union institutions in the context of supranational fscal regulation in 2002–2019. The authors analyze the influence of external and internal factors on the state of public fnance in Italy, note the reasons that made it difcult to meet the requirements of the Stability and Growth Pact, study the main issues on the agenda in the EU-Italy relations and their evolution. The authors also come to conclusion that unlike the earlier discussions about correcting budget defcit in Italy, current focus of supranational fscal governance is shifted to preventing it, what challenges the economic sovereignty of Italy and country’s opportunities to conduct a discretionary fscal policy.

The process of diversifcation in the defense industry enterprises, besides ensuring the loading of high-tech equipment, frst of all, calls for the technological independence of the country, capable of developing under conditions of instability in international relations. The aim of the study is to identify a successful large-scale experience of diversifcation in the international arena (using the example of the United States, China and Germany), and to formulate specifc packages of measures and formats for overcoming stagnation in cooperation between the defense industry and the fuel and energy complex in the Russian Federation. The methodological basis of the study assumes using a systemic and synergetic approach, which in general approximation boils down to enhancing the mutual benefcial effect of its elements. Also, when writing the article, the author applied a quantitative analysis of statistical data, historical and descriptive methods, a comparative method. As the main result, he proposed the formats of interaction between the military and industrial complex and fuel and energy complex, aimed at more efcient use of the potential of the defense industry to meet the needs of organizations in the fuel and energy complex, increasing the volume of output of products at the defense industry enterprises and expanding its range. More active interaction of the defense industry works with organizations of the fuel and energy complex will allow them in the near future to set up producing the new types of civilian products and technologies, and fuel and energy companies to obtain competitive high-tech products.

In the presented paper a certain inconsistency between the processes of globalization and regional economic integration is defned, and the main contradictions which are common to those processes in modern conditions of the world economy are highlighted. Based on the analysis of the reasons, prerequisites and characteristics the authors identify and describe a set of indicants of the modern integration processes in the Eurasian space, in particular the development of the EAEU. They show the necessity for the essential consideration of the integration tasks from the standpoint of interaction of the participants national interests and the supranational management level, as well as they note an importance of developing a mechanism for collective decision-making under the influence of the external macro-environment.

The efciency assessment of the improvement in working conditions and safety programs of mining regions was done by taking into account the quality of studying the program document in terms of its compliance with the recommendations of the Standard Program, the comprehensiveness of coverage and the correct planning of the target indicators, fnancial support for program activities and the implementation of the program document. In the ranking of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in terms of the effectiveness of those programs, the top ten constituent entities of the Russian Federation that most successfully implement the program-targeted administration method in the feld of labor protection on their territory include Amur and Kemerovo regions from coal mining regions; the top ten outsiders are the republics of Komi and Buryatia, the Sverdlovsk, Sakhalin regions and the Chukotka Autonomous Region. The greatest successes in comparison with 2017 were achieved in reducing economic losses and costs associated with the loss of working time due to industrial accidents and employment in harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions. In 2017, an increase in losses was observed in every second coal-mining region, while in 2018 – just in fve (Republic Tyva, Irkutsk, Sakhalin oblasts, Jewish Autonomous oblast and Chukotka Autonomous okrug).

The article examines the criterion of the exhaustion of domestic remedies of legal protection in the context of the European Court of Human Rights and the Court of the Economic Community of West African States in cases related to the protection of human rights. The article analyzes the norms of the European Convention for the Protection of Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and the norms of the Agreement establishing the Court of the Economic Community of West African States and the Additional Protocol. The question is raised about the need to include a criterion for the exhaustion of local remedies of legal protection in the Court of the Economic Community of West African States in cases related to the protection of human rights. The article also analyzes the position of the Court of the Economic Community of West African States on the issue of the absence of the criterion of exhaustion of domestic remedies of legal protection, examines the jurisprudence. The author concludes that the position of the ECoWAS Court on the acceptability of the exhaustion of the local remedies criterion is positive for the region, while at the same time calls for the court to establish a department staffed with experts to focus on human rights cases.