MANAGEMENT AND LAW
The article presents the results of the research carried out by the authors in the influence of digital technologies on the transformation of personnel management in modern conditions. The analysis of the practical experience of domestic companies on the use of digital tools in the process of staff selection and screening was carried out. As a result of the analysis of statistical data, opinions of experts and the results of surveys of consulting companies on the topic of the research, the current trends in the use of digital tools in the processes of digitization of staff selection and screening were shown up, the main advantages of improving recruiting on the basis of digital technologies were identified, and the issues of their introduction into the practice of domestic organizations were described. The main criteria for deciding on the use of digital tools in the staff selection and screening in the company are proposed.
Usufruct is considered to be a truly universal mean of using someone else’s thing by agreement with its owner. The institution of usufruct, thus, allows the user, without buying a thing to use all (or some) of its advantages (or fruits) without taking any responsibility for it. In the course of its historical development (and in particular under the impact of Germanisation of this institution) usufruct (its structure, purpose, social functions and, what is even more important, its place in the system of modern legal institutions) underwent considerable changes.
To answer the question what particular transformations usufruct has suffered the author analyzed in a comparative way its legal constructions and doctrinal interpretations (social and economic conceptions) in Roman, French, and German law.
The article defines the regularities in forming an institution of usufruct in the Roman-Germanic legal family.
The classification of functioning situations and development of complex objects of management is given. Standard emergency management regimes are considered, as well as main factors that influence management decision-making depending on the situation. New control functions in various regimes implemented in the emergency control system based on situational analysis in case of scenario research of the behavior of the researched object are proposed. Management tasks providing the implementation of the proposed functions are considered.
The author also offeres new approaches to the expansion of methodical, mathematical and information support of emergency control systems what will allow to effectively solve a wide range of management tasks in the processes of preventing and eliminating the consequences of emergencies at the strategic, tactical and operational levels. The proposed methods provide a possibility for a complex multidimensional research of alternative options for the emergency situations development with the specified target and criterion settings under uncertainty.
The considered scenario characteristics of the functioning and development of situations are seen as a basis in creation of an operational database for the prevention and elimination of emergencies.
The paper is dedicated to an issue of the data safety management in distributed data processing systems. A high level of data safety is provided primarily due to the reliable operation of the distributed system. An effective method of improving the reliability of a distributed system and data safety is data replication. The article gives examples of static and dynamic data replication algorithms. The formulation of the management task for finding the optimal placement of replicas in a distributed system is given. As the task solution the author suggests using the modified heuristic method of searching for the p-median of the graph.
The work is devoted to the issues of securing the effective management of the maintenance processes and the development of cloud databases with alterations in the user domain.
The authors formulate the requirements and develop the logical structure of the metadata database of the cloud database repository, models and methods for entering alterations into information and functional users requirements, restructuring the object canonical structure of cloud database.
Upon the implementation of proposed procedures a modified object model of user requirements and a modified object canonical structure of cloud databases are formed that meet the requirements of completeness, accuracy and consistency of data used by the cloud provider during the operational and qualitative reorganization of cloud database.
The article using materials of the State Archives of the Russian Federation (GARF) examines a little-known page in the history of the national government – the creation, structuring and laying down main directions in the work of the People’s Commissariat for Local Self-Government, analyzes the reasons and circumstances for its abolition. The author is trying to understand whether there were objective prerequisites for the emergence of this People’s Commissariat in the system of central state institutions or it was an exclusively political project.
ECONOMY
The article deals with the issues of personal determinants in the system of social production, through a comparative analysis of the content of such economic categories as “personal factor”, “labor force”, “total labor force”, “subjective factor”, what allows substantiating various forms of scientific fixation of human labor activity, taking into account the functional role of the personal factor as an element of the system of social reproduction.
The article analyses Mark Harrison scientific approaches to the estimation of military and economic potentials of the states which participated in the World wars. Accordingly, the authors apply a historical and economic analysis basing on the comparison of macroeconomic indicators, as in the works of M. Harrison. The aim of this paper is to reveal the relationship between the nature of the political system and a scale of the economy mobilization in conditions of World wars. The main point of the analysis is the question of the nature of the political system influence on the economy mobilization. The authors have come up with opinion that the political system affected the economy mobilization scale less than the economic circumstances. Often a central factor in increasing military production, as the author believes, was the loss of GDP incurred by a war. This article For the first time in historiography this article contains a critical approach to research results of M. Harrison. Scientists engaged in the economic history of the twentieth century and anyone interested in history may find this paper interesting.
The main goal of corporate knowledge bases is to transform the knowledge and experience of employees into the intellectual capital of the enterprise. A knowledge base is an effectively handled centralized electronic archive of documents, reference books, classifiers and other formalized information materials of the enterprise. The paper outlines an algorithm of choosing the commercialization form of the scientific and technical performance results and setting it into the corporate knowledge bases on the form of competences card.
