MANAGEMENT
The article deals with the emergence of new technologies for managing the reputation of the university in the digital information environment due to the transformation of the modern media space and the changing functions of the media. In modern conditions the universities are in a difficult situation: on the one hand, the competition and desire to attract applicants force them to intensify marketing efforts, confirming the positioning of higher education as a service, a special kind of service. On the other hand, such positioning weakens the role of higher education institution in the development of human capital and deprives it of its special intellectual mission. The integral profile of the university in the media environment and, first of all, in its digital segment, is formed through a set of different channels, through which the meanings and key attitudes about the character of the organization are transmitted. The peculiarity of the university’s communication activities lies in the hyper-fragmentation of its channels. Additional risks require controlling the media field and allocating highly professional human and financial resources, as well as increasing the competence of specialists in their own structures that influence the formation of the information environment of the university.
Digital technologies in the institutional environment of the functioning of enterprises have a radical impact on the level of their sustainable development and competitiveness. Designing a unified information space for strategic enterprise management implies a systematic approach to the study of procedures for managing the renewal of fixed assets as a complex, holistic, multidimensional and multilevel economic system. In the hierarchy of management functions of the management system for the renewal of fixed assets in the organization, one of the central places is occupied by the formation of an information and analytical platform integrated into the unified information space of strategic enterprise management.
Based on the results of the conducted research, the article presents the developed information and analytical platform for managing the renewal of fixed assets in the textile enterprise JSC “Mogotex” with the support of the digital component infrastructure and the hardware and software. A systematic and comprehensive analysis of the need for updating fixed assets was carried out: analysis of the intensity level for updating fixed assets; analysis of the influence by factors of extensive and intensive loading of fixed assets on the effectiveness of their use; analysis of the financing sources for fixed assets; the correlation and regression analysis of identifying the most significant factors in the growth of the effectiveness of the management in updating fixed assets. Analytical and diagnostic procedures were performed with identifying negative changes in the dynamics of a set of indices in analytical blocks and the causes were ascertained; the most significant relationships between indices and trends in their development in dynamics were determined.
The article recommends an innovative model of increasing the efficiency of managing the renewal of fixed assets based on the introduction of innovative technologies of the fabric production process at the finishing stages, taking into account the identified imbalances.
The result of the practical use of the developed system approach to the management of the renewal of fixed assets in the organization was an information and analytical platform, on the basis of which an investment model for the growth of the efficiency of the management of the renewal of fixed assets was built. The above information and analytical platform with an innovative vector of the business processes for updating fixed assets will reduce the wear and tear of equipment; increase labor productivity and the level of the production automation; reduce the duration of the production cycle, material intensity, labor intensity and energy intensity of production; improve the quality of products and competitiveness of production; expand the scale of production activities and increase the market share; increase the pace of economic growth and development of the organization.
Today, the creation of jobs for people with disabilities is an urgent topic. The issue stems from the fact that companies do not have an incentive to hire such workers. That is caused by the fact that Russia does not have an effective economic policy for the employment of citizens with disabilities. As a result, the country loses part of the labor force and slows down economic growth. At the same time, the state does not provide an appropriate social support system for disabled people, without providing them with the opportunity to move from the passive role of a recipient of benefits to an active and full-fledged life. Among other things, it is worth paying attention to the social aspect of the mentioned challenge. Unfortunately, in Russia, people with disabilities are discriminated against by the whole society, including employers. That is due to the shortcomings of state laws and the lack of coverage of the topic.
Paying attention to that issue, the state plans to develop the labor market and increase the number of working people with disabilities from 13% of all employed to 50% or more. To solve the task, it is necessary to improve the state laws regulating the situation. In addition, there is a prospect of rapid development in employment of people with disabilities. As a result of the last pandemic, there has been a change in the labor market – the supply of vacancies on a remote basis has increased. With the help of a remote type of work, it will become more accessible to develop an employment environment for citizens with disabilities. However, the implementation of such a plan requires the participation of the state.
The article studies the challenges of poverty and social inequality of the Russian population: status, features and formulated recommendations. According to Rosstat, the number of Russians living below the poverty line reached 19.6 million people in 2020. In 2013–2020, all Russians became 10% poorer. These figures confirm the urgency of solving the issue of combating poverty in Russia. The article presents the results of a study of the state of the issue, considers the factors, causes and conditions under the influence of which the level of poverty is formed, social inequalities in people’s living standards are created. These are the low level of primary incomes, which affects labor productivity, incorrect definitions by some officials of the causes of poverty, existing categories of “new poor” and chronically poor. As recommendations for combating poverty and social inequality, the article suggests: using world experience and, first of all, the experience of China, which has achieved great success in the area in a short time; a set of measures to ensure economic growth by increasing labor productivity and creating jobs with potentially high salaries; the development of the high-tech manufacturing, science, education and healthcare; the use of the digital, energy-saving and hydrogen technologies; improving the mechanisms of payment of various benefits and one-time payments, conditional basic income; significantly increasing the minimum wage. The presented solutions can be implemented both at enterprises and in the regions, and in the country as a whole. With an integrated approach, those solutions will be able to reduce the severity of the challenge of poverty and social inequality in full or bring it to a socially acceptable level.
Intensive development of the creative sector of the world economy, strengthening of infrastructural, financial and consulting support for creative industries in world megalopolises made it necessary to analyze the current state of the creative sector in Russia to identify opportunities for its development on the basis of studying foreign experience while preserving the existing centuries-old traditions. It is necessary to analyze the main indicators of the industry, search for benchmarking bases for further comparative studies, identify criteria for evaluating creative industries and change the methodology for collecting statistical reports in order to identify potential opportunities for increasing the efficiency of the industry and improving its infrastructure support. The above tasks formed the basis of the study, the main results of which are presented in the article. The research was exploratory by nature and the research methods were the general scientific – analysis and synthesis, deduction, induction, comparison and contrastive analysis – and the applied methods, in particular, statistical analysis of data. In the course of the study the author carried out a benchmarking analysis of the development of creative industries in Germany as well as an analysis of statistical data characterizing the development of creative industries in Moscow. She also identified the specifics and distinctive features of the development of the industry in Moscow and the current state of an infrastructure support. The article proposes the directions of improving the infrastructure of support, financial and material stimulation of the development of creative industries in Moscow, statistical accounting of data characterizing the industry, advanced training of employees of creative industries and increasing the competitiveness of the industry in the world market.
The article considers issues faced, by an industrial enterprise, when implementing mechanisms for the formation of sustainable competitive advantages based on the transfer of unique technological competencies to the young generation, and also describes the methodology for applying the project approach to preserve the critical competencies of the enterprise through the implementation of a comprehensive mentoring program.
ECONOMY
The article considers the features of the crises of 1998, 2008, 2014, 2020 in Russia and establishes their impact on the socio-economic development of the country. The definition of the concepts “sustainable development” and “economic crisis” is given. It specifies the content, causes and consequences of the economic crises that occurred at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries. The authors also give a comparative analysis of the socio-economic indicators of the state of the economy in the period from 1998 to 2020 and an assessment of the effectiveness of the socio-economic policy of the state in the indicated periods. The conclusion is made about the results of socio-economic and monetary policies conducted by the state.
The article is devoted to the improvement of the management decision-making methods based on a qualitative data analysis. It provides a justification for the need to introduce a quantitative indicator that can be used to measure the region of the time series concentration (pseudoattractor), i.e. the set of its close values, and describes the procedure for its construction. Classical statistical time series meters (the variation range and the indicator of variation) have a number of disadvantages that do not allow them to be used in their traditional capacity for the analysis of relational time series – series obtained as a result of dividing the values of one time series by the corresponding simultaneous values of another time series. The constructed meter is dimensionless, normalized, and invariant with respect to the division procedure. In addition, it is insensitive to changes in the length of the series if the values being added or removed are enclosed within the boundaries defined by local extremes (minimum and maximum). The constructed quantitative indicator is added to the method of delayed coordinates, which is a method of qualitative analysis of the behavior of time series. The combination of such tools is convenient for fast data analysis and does not require special mathematical training, which makes that approach accessible to managers.
The article defines the importance of assessing indicators of sustainable development in the world economy, and also notes the need for monitoring and analyzing the results of sustainable development goals (SDGs) for the member countries of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). It characterizes the factors influencing the life quality of the EAEU countries population in the context of the SDG ,in particular SDG 3 – “Good health and well-being”. There is also an analysis of the current state and possibilities for that goal realizing in the conditions of modern trends and existing challenges of the external economic environment. It is concluded that the integration processes in the EAEU space require activation, since they are a stimulating factor in the growth of the Union countries’ economies. Priority areas are highlighted within the framework of the formation and effective development of the common markets for goods and services (drugs, medical devices, healthcare, etc.), which will contribute to an increase in the level and life quality as well as to raising living standards of the population in the EAEU region.
The article is devoted to the issue of assessing the efficiency of measures of state support for projects on the development of energy resources in the Arctic region and on their improving. The development of energy resources of the Arctic region is considered as an object of research. The question is raised about the need for government measures to further increasing the volume of energy production in the Arctic region. The relevance of the topic is due to the rising interest in the raw materials base of the Arctic. In their work, the authors, based on calculations, propose measures for the successful development of mining projects in the Arctic zone with maximum benefit for the state.
LAW
The article discusses the application of the principle of good faith in transactions for the disposal of property in common joint ownership in order to protect the rights of a co-owner, whose consent to alienate the property was not obtained, and a bona fide acquirer who did not know and could not know about the absence of such consent.